Modern
1894년제도
Gabo Reforms
Centered on the Deliberative Council (Gungukgimucheo), modern institutional reforms were pursued, including the abolition of the hereditary status system and the civil service examination.
Key developments
- 1차 갑오개혁First Reform: State Council
The State Council (Gungukgimucheo) was established, abolishing the civil service exam and hereditary class system.
- 2차 갑오개혁Second Reform: Hongbeom Charter
King Gojong promulgated the Fourteen Articles of the Hongbeom Charter at the royal ancestral shrine, declaring independence from Qing.
- 사법 분리Separation of Powers
Administration and judiciary were separated and modern courts established, laying the foundation for the separation of powers.
- 을미개혁Eulmi Reforms and Topknot Decree
The solar calendar was adopted and elementary schools established; the mandatory topknot-cutting order provoked nationwide resistance.
Related figures
Related places
경복궁